A coup d’etat is an overt attempt to unseat a sitting executive, backed by the threat or use of force. In the past, this was a regular occurrence in various Latin American nations in the 19th and 20th centuries as well as African countries after they gained independence. More recently, it has been rarer. Generally, the motives behind a coup are varied. Some are simply a blatant power grab, and others reflect military discontent over perceived mishandling of an insurgency or civil war by the government and desire for increased pay, better weapons and equipment, or even a redistribution of power.
Coups are most common during periods of economic crisis or political instability when they may be able to take advantage of weakened governmental structures. They are often carried out by a small group of individuals and often do not enjoy broad popular support. The sudden transfer of power from a democratically elected government to an unelected one is often considered a violation of democratic principles.
Following a coup, many international organizations and governments are often focused on restoring democracy as quickly as possible. Frequently, this can lead to elections that are manipulated or rigged by the ruling junta. In order for elections to serve their true purpose of democratization, they must be free and fair. The international community should be vigilant to push for timelines that are respected and ensure that the military is not able to manipulate the results.
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